Check the level again and plumb if necessary. Able to withstand a force of at least 50 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along the toeboard. These are only a few basic physical structures of scaffold towers. decking, planks) must not be painted to hide defects. Toeboards must be installed not more than 1/4 inch above the platform and securely fastened. Materials being hoisted onto a scaffold must Fasten all couplers and/or connections . Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall bear on base plates and mud sills (or other adequate firm foundation). Hardware should be included to fasten the planks into place. Vertical means up and down. Scaffold frames (i.e. The correct procedures for dealing with those hazards. Follow all state, local and federal codes, ordinance and regulations pertaining to scaffolding. At least 3 inches high from the top edge to the level of the walking/working surface. Position the first level of bracing as close to the base as possible. For example, if the base width is 5 feet, the first vertical tie will be (5 feet x 4) 20 feet from the ground. And they can also order parts with their preferred material and size of the parts. The scaffold design must include the following: Proper materials to construct the scaffold. They may be made of solid material or mesh with openings no greater than 1 inch. This topic discusses supported scaffolds. The frames must be plumb and level and spaced to adequately support the loads. . [, When screens and mesh are used, they must extend from the top edge of the guardrail system to the scaffold platform, and along the entire opening between the supports. Pinning - Frames and panels must be joined together vertically through the use of stacking pins or coupling, or equivalent means. Bracing Connect panels and frames with diagonal, horizontal, or cross braces along or as a combination, in order to laterally secure the vertical members. rather than a scaffolding set; the tower will be much shorter and easier to tear down and construct, though it will only be suitable for smaller jobs. NOTE: Except where indicated, the same basic scaffold requirements that appear in this module also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds, as well as the specialty scaffolds described in Supported Scaffolds. Even if they are "in the way," braces should not be removed while work is being performed on a scaffold! In addition, the scaffold and its components must support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times its maximum intended load. Top rails (manufactured after 1/1/2000) must be 38 - 45 inches above the platform surface. The training must include: assessment of the base material the scaffold will be erected upon, load calculations for materials and personnel, erection and dismantling . Ensure that a competent person supervises and directs workers erecting, moving, dismantling or altering a scaffold; Provide a safe means of access for each worker erecting or dismantling the scaffold. Specific requirements are described below. [, Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. Scaffold Frame keeps only high grade steel scaffolding in inventory, but aluminum scaffold is available on request. [, Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers must not be intermixed, unless they fit together without being forced and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained. The work deck must be fully planked. (True or False) _____ 2. Only trained and authorized persons should be allowed to use a scaffold. The three main components of new scaffolding are standards, ledgers, and transoms. If uplift could cause the components to separate, locking pins must be used and the components secured. Unstable objects, such as bricks, cinder blocks, buckets, scrap lumber, etc., shall not be used to support or level scaffolds. Personal Fall Arrest System. Because the frames are stacked, the cross braces have to keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. Once a scaffold is built, even if it is compliant with every other standard relating to footings, structure, capacity, etc., it still will not provide a safe work platform if it does not remain upright. Where the frame of the scaffold will be used for access, the manufacturer must specify in writing that it was designed for such purposes. building materials, paint roller extensions, scaffold components) that may be handled on them, come closer than 10 feet to the power line. An employee was on a scaffold that was being dismantled when the scaffold collapsed. Do not force frames or braces to fitlevel the scaffold until proper fit can easily be made. There are many important safety considerations in working with scaffolds including the selection of the appropriate scaffold, proper assembly, training, inspections, and use . Platforms and walkways, in general, must be at least 18 inches wide. [, Scaffold platforms and walkways must be at least 18 inches wide, unless they are used in areas that the employer can demonstrate are so narrow that they must be less than 18 inches wide. Fasten the levelling jack to the sills with either nails or screws. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451.452. Strict rules and regulations have been issued by the OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) and the EU-OSHA (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work). [, Have rungs which are uniformly spaced and a length of at least 8 inches, with a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches. [, Be seated with side-brackets parallel to the frames, and end-brackets at 90 degrees to the frames. Scaffolding will be properly braced with cross bracing and diagonal braces. USA (v. 2008) 22 Tubular Welded-frame Scaffolds. The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. (True or False) _____ 3. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. perfectly vertical) and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Step 2. Tip: Separation of frames can occur in high winds (uplift), or when workers climb endframes, overload the platform, or strike the scaffold with tools, materials, etc. Because metal frame scaffolds are conductive, power tools, cords, etc., that suffer insulation failure can electrify the entire scaffold. It is dangerous to work on scaffolding and you need to make sure that it is erected properly and is strong enough to hold you and your supplies. Keep the scaffold level, plumb, and square. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(1)], Scaffolds may not be moved horizontally while employees are on them, unless they have been designed for that purpose by a registered professional engineer, or in the case of mobile scaffolds, where the provisions of 29 CFR 1926.452(w) are followed. Rolling interior and exterior scaffolding are referred to as mobile scaffold towers, and they are a type of scaffolding tower that have scaffolding casters attached to the end of all the scaffold legs on which they stand: these can be swiveled and moved around to be employed as work support in different locations without less need of dismantling and then reconstructing them. The focus of this position will be to construct, erect, install, and repair structures and fixtures of wood, plywood, and wallboard, using carpenter's hand tools and power tools, conforming to . Ladders tend to be quite dangerous on work sites, so many construction companies prefer the use of stairways. 4. [. [, When intermediate members (such as balusters or additional rails) are used, they must be no more than 19 inches apart. Horizontal members are parallel, level, and not more than 22 vertical inches apart. Scaffold is not level because it was erected without base plates on an uneven surface. 5. Guys, ties and braces shall be installed where horizontal members support both inner and outer legs. Design features include a rest platform every 35 feet, rungs at least 11 1/2 inches wide (8 inches for ladders built into the frame), and uniform rung spacing not exceeding 16 3/4 inches. The standard dimensions are 5 foot and 7 foot long. Supported scaffolds are scaffolds supported from the ground by rigid elements such as outrigger beams, poles, legs, base plates, sills and posts. [, A scaffold stairway width of at least 18 inches between stair rails. Duty level of scaffold is based on the chart below. Specific requirements are described below. NOTE: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds, as well as the specialty scaffolds described in the Supported Scaffolds module. The employer must provide suitable access to and between scaffolds, such as portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders and stairway-type ladders. How to use a plumb bob. The planking used must be "scaffold grade.". Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches. [, Be used only to support personnel, unless the scaffold has been designed for other loads by a qualified engineer and built to withstand the tipping forces caused by other loads. [, Fall protection consists of either personal fall arrest systems or guardrail systems meeting OSHA requirements. Except when used only as a walkway, the platform is the work area of the scaffold. Braces should align the vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. the type of scaffold in question. Proper access must be provided to access the work platform of the scaffold. One exception is when the scaffold platform is within 14 inches of the face of the work. length as will automatically square and aline vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. In Asia, bamboo is used as a construction material. Learn how your comment data is processed. Ladder Jack Scaffold. [, Have rest platforms provided at a maximum of 35 foot vertical intervals. Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall be plumb (i.e. Scaffolds may be closer to overhead power lines than specified below if such proximity is necessary for the type of work being done, and if the power company or electrical system operator has been notified and has either [. Use footings that are level, sound, rigid and capable of supporting the load without settlement or displacement. Because the frames are stacked, the cross braces have to keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. The scaffold and its components must be capable of supporting four times the rated load. Place the planks. [, Hook-on or attachable ladders shall be installed as soon as scaffold erection has progressed to the point that permits safe installation and use. (Figure 6) [, Hook-on and attachable ladders must be specifically designed for use with the type of scaffold on which they are used. CapacityScaffolds and scaffold components must support at least 4 times the maximum intended load. Platforms may be coated periodically with wood preservatives, fire retardants, and slip-resistant finishes, provided they do not obscure the top or bottom wood surfaces. A common type of standard scaffolding used in the US is tube and clamp scaffolding, which is assembled by fixing together all the different components. (i) There must be a ladder or equivalent safe access. [, Wooden planking must not be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be marked for identification. Because the number of injuries from . Place the first frame onto the base plates at the high point. When toeboards are used for falling object protection, they must be [. 1926.454 All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. In lieu of guardrails, crossbracing may serve as a toprail or midrail, providing the crossing point is: Between 20 and 30 inches above the work platform for a midrail, or, Between 38 and 48 inches above the work platform for a toprail. [, Stairways installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. As they were lifting the scaffold, the top section partially separated from the adjoining section, toppled over, and contacted a power line. Plumb and level all scaffolds as erection proceeds. When the employee tried to set the third level frame into the pins of the second level, the frame he was trying to position flipped to one side. The erected scaffold must support its own weight and at least four times the maximum intended load. 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